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Natural history of HIV infection in former plasma donors in rural China

Min ZHANG, Hong SHANG, Zhe WANG, Wei-Guo CUI, Qing-Hai HU

《医学前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第3期   页码 346-350 doi: 10.1007/s11684-010-0102-x

摘要： Patients infected through commercial blood-selling practices (former plasma donors, FPDs) in China represent a unique patient population compared to individuals infected through sexual contact or intravenous drug use. FPDs all have an approximate time of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection during the mid-1990s. Few studies about the natural history of HIV infection in these patients were performed. The current study focuses on characterizing the duration of asymptomatic infection as well as the time to disease and mortality of infected FPDs in China. A retrospective cohort study was conducted based on data collected from 5484 HIV-1 infected FPDs in Shangcai county, Henan province. Kaplan-Meier analysis was applied to estimate the asymptomatic duration from the time of infection to the onset of AIDS as well as the survival period from the onset of AIDS to the time of death. The estimated median asymptomatic phase was about 9.21 years, which is similar to that reported in other developing countries in Africa. The estimated median life span after the onset of symptoms was about 9.91 months, which is notably shorter than life spans reported elsewhere. This is the first large-scale retrospective study on the natural history of HIV infection in FPDs in rural China. The findings not only provide valuable insight into an understudied population, but should also serve as an important reference for patient management and care.

关键词： human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)     former plasma donor     natural history     China    

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The influence of brain death on donor liver and the potential mechanisms of protective intervention

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第1期   页码 8-14 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0109-y

摘要：

Brain-dead donors have become one of the main sources of organs for transplantation in Western countries. The quality of donor organs is closely related to the outcome of the transplantation. Experimental studies have confirmed the inferior graft survival of livers from brain-dead donors compared with those from living donors. Studies conducted in the past 10 years have shown that brain death is associated with effects on the decreased donor organ quality. However, whether the decrease in the viability of donor organs is caused by brain death or by the events before and after brain death remains uncertain. The purpose of this review is to introduce the advances and controversies regarding the influence of brain death on the viability of donor livers and to summarize the mechanisms of the different protective interventions for donor livers.

关键词： brain death     donor liver    

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Regulation of radicals by hydrogen-donor solvent in direct coal liquefaction

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第12期   页码 1689-1699 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2186-7

摘要： Radicals are important intermediates in direct coal liquefaction. Certain radicals can cause the cleavage of chemical bonds. At high temperatures, radical fragments can be produced by the splitting of large organic molecules, which can break strong chemical bonds through the induction pyrolysis of radicals. The reaction between the formation and annihilation of coal radical fragments and the effect of hydrogen-donor solvents on the radical fragments are discussed in lignite hydrogenolysis. Using the hydroxyl and ether bonds as indicators, the effects of different radicals on the cleavage of chemical bond were investigated employing density functional theory calculations and lignite hydrogenolysis experiments. Results showed that the adjustment of the coal radical fragments could be made by the addition of hydrogen-donor solvents. Results showed that the transition from coal radical fragment to H radical leads to the variation of product distribution. The synergistic mechanism of hydrogen supply and hydrogenolysis of hydrogen-donor solvent was proposed.

关键词： direct coal liquefaction     hydrogen-donor solvent     induced pyrolysis     radical mechanism     density functional theory calculations    

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Enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting with a donor-acceptor polyimide

《能源前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0910-8

摘要： Polyimide (PI) has emerged as a promising organic photocatalyst owing to its distinct advantages of high visible-light response, facile synthesis, molecularly tunable donor-acceptor structure, and excellent physicochemical stability. However, the synthesis of high-quality PI photoelectrode remains a challenge, and photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting for PI has been less studied. Herein, the synthesis of uniform PI photoelectrode films via a simple spin-coating method was reported, and their PEC properties were investigated using melamine as donor and various anhydrides as acceptors. The influence of the conjugate size of aromatic unit (phenyl, biphenyl, naphthalene, perylene) of electron acceptor on PEC performance were studied, where naphthalene-based PI photoelectrode exhibited the highest photocurrent response. This is resulted from the unification of wide-range light absorption, efficient charge separation and transport, and strong photooxidation capacity. This paper expands the material library of polymer films for PEC applications and contributes to the rational design of efficient polymer photoelectrodes.

关键词： polyimide (PI) film     photoelectrochemistry     band structure engineering     aromatic unit    

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Diagnostic evaluation of plasma aldosterone concentration to plasma renin activity ratio in primary aldosteronism

ZHANG Huilan, WANG Daowen

《医学前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第1期   页码 11-14 doi: 10.1007/s11684-008-0003-4

摘要： Using the plasma aldosterone concentration to plasma renin activity ratio (PAC/PRA ratio) as the screening test of choice for primary aldosteronism in hypertensive patients, we studied the clinical characteristics and the diagnostic value of PAC/PRA ratio in primary aldosteronism. The plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) and plasma renin activity (PRA) levels were measured by radioimmunoassay in 902 hypertensive patients from out-patient clinics or hospitals. One hundred and twenty-six suspected primary aldosteronism patients whose PAC/PRA ratio was > 25 ng/dL/ng/mL/hr had a lamellar computed tomography (CT) scan in the adrenal gland and follow-up visits. The proportion of primary aldosteronism in hypertensive patients was 14% (126/902). There were 54 patients with unilateral or bilateral hyperplasia and 25 patients with adenoma according to the CT scan. 39% (49/126) of the patients with primary aldosteronism had hypokalemia. Twenty-five patients received surgical treatment. The efficacy and cure rates were 100% (25/25) and 48% (12/25), respectively. The effective rate of aldactone and the single-drug cure rate were 89% (48/54) and 24% (13/54), respectively. Primary aldosteronism affects over 10% of hypertensive patients in China. The PAC/PRA ratio can be considered as a routine screening test in hypertensives, especially resistant hypertensive patients and a high PAC/PRA ratio is an invaluable index in primary aldosteronism diagnosis.
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Important parameters in plasma jets for the production of RONS in liquids for plasma medicine: A brief

Anna Khlyustova, Cédric Labay, Zdenko Machala, Maria-Pau Ginebra, Cristina Canal

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第2期   页码 238-252 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1801-8

摘要： Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) are among the key factors in plasma medicine. They are generated by atmospheric plasmas in biological fluids, living tissues and in a variety of liquids. This ability of plasmas to create a delicate mix of RONS in liquids has been used to design remote or indirect treatments for oncological therapy by treating biological fluids by plasmas and putting them in contact with the tumour. Documented effects include selective cancer cell toxicity, even though the exact mechanisms involved are still under investigation. However, the “right” dose for suitable therapeutical activity is crucial and still under debate. The wide variety of plasma sources hampers comparisons. This review focuses on atmospheric pressure plasma jets as the most studied plasma devices in plasma medicine and compiles the conditions employed to generate RONS in relevant liquids and the concentration ranges obtained. The concentrations of H O , NO , NO and short-lived oxygen species are compared critically to provide a useful overview for the reader.

关键词： atmospheric plasma jets     liquids     ROS     RNS     plasma-dose    

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Kinetic Monte Carlo simulations of plasma-surface reactions on heterogeneous surfaces

Daniil Marinov

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第4期   页码 815-822 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1837-9

摘要： Reactions of atoms and molecules on chamber walls in contact with low temperature plasmas are important in various technological applications. Plasma-surface interactions are complex and relatively poorly understood. Experiments performed over the last decade by several groups prove that interactions of reactive species with relevant plasma-facing materials are characterized by distributions of adsorption energy and reactivity. In this paper, we develop a kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) model that can effectively handle chemical kinetics on such heterogenous surfaces. Using this model, we analyse published adsorption-desorption kinetics of chlorine molecules and recombination of oxygen atoms on rotating substrates as a test case for the KMC model.

关键词： plasma-surface interaction     kinetic Monte Carlo     plasma nano technology    

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From plasma to plasmonics: toward sustainable and clean water production through membranes

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第12期   页码 1809-1836 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2339-3

摘要： The increasing demand for potable water is never-ending. Freshwater resources are scarce and stress is accumulating on other alternatives. Therefore, new technologies and novel optimization methods are developed for the existing processes. Membrane-based processes are among the most efficient methods for water treatment. Yet, membranes suffer from severe operational problems, namely fouling and temperature polarization. These effects can harm the membrane’s permeability, permeate recovery, and lifetime. To mitigate such effects, membranes can be treated through two techniques: plasma treatment (a surface modification technique), and treatment through the use of plasmonic materials (surface and bulk modification). This article showcases plasma- and plasmonic-based treatments in the context of water desalination/purification. It aims to offer a comprehensive review of the current developments in membrane-based water treatment technologies along with suggested directions to enhance its overall efficiency through careful selection of material and system design. Moreover, basic guidelines and strategies are outlined on the different membrane modification techniques to evaluate its prerequisites. Besides, we discuss the challenges and future developments about these membrane modification methods.

关键词： water treatment     membrane-based process     plasma treatment     plasma polymerization     plasmonic     light-to-heat conversion    

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Atomistic simulations of plasma catalytic processes

Erik C. Neyts

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第1期   页码 145-154 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1674-7

摘要： There is currently a growing interest in the realisation and optimization of hybrid plasma/catalyst systems for a multitude of applications, ranging from nanotechnology to environmental chemistry. In spite of this interest, there is, however, a lack in fundamental understanding of the underlying processes in such systems. While a lot of experimental research is already being carried out to gain this understanding, only recently the first simulations have appeared in the literature. In this contribution, an overview is presented on atomic scale simulations of plasma catalytic processes as carried out in our group. In particular, this contribution focusses on plasma-assisted catalyzed carbon nanostructure growth, and plasma catalysis for greenhouse gas conversion. Attention is paid to what can routinely be done, and where challenges persist.

关键词： atomic scale simulation     plasma-catalyst    

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used as a salvage option for patients with relapsed acute leukemia post-chemotherapy plus modified donor

《医学前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第5期   页码 728-739 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0833-x

摘要： Relapse is the main problem after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). The outcome of a second allo-HSCT (HSCT2) for relapse post-HSCT has shown promising results in some previous studies. However, little is known about the efficacy of HSCT2 in patients with relapsed/refractory acute leukemia (AL) post-chemotherapy plus modified donor lymphocyte infusion (post-Chemo+m-DLI) after the first allo-HSCT (HSCT1). Therefore, we retrospectively analyzed the efficacy of HSCT2 in 28 patients with relapsed/refractory AL post-Chemo+m-DLI in our center. With a median follow-up of 918 (457–1732) days, 26 patients (92.9%) achieved complete remission, and 2 patients exhibited persistent disease. The probabilities of overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) 1 year after HSCT2 were 25.0% and 21.4%, respectively. The cumulative incidences of nonrelapse mortality on day 100 and at 1 year post-HSCT2 were 7.1%±4.9% and 25.0%±8.4%. The cumulative incidences of relapse were 50.0%±9.8% and 53.5%±9.9% at 1 and 2 years post-HSCT2, respectively. Risk stratification prior to HSCT1 and percentage of blasts before HSCT2 were independent risk factors for OS post-HSCT2, and relapse within 6 months post-HSCT1 was an independent risk factor for DFS and relapse post-HSCT2. Our findings suggest that HSCT2 could be a salvage option for patients with relapsed AL post-Chemo+m-DLI.

关键词： second hematopoietic stem cell transplantation     acute leukemia     relapse     chemotherapy     modified donor lymphocyte infusion    

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Plasma-catalysis: Is it just a question of scale?

J. Christopher Whitehead

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第2期   页码 264-273 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1794-3

摘要： The issues of describing and understanding the changes in performance that result when a catalyst is placed into plasma are discussed. The different chemical and physical interactions that result and how their combination might produce beneficial results for the plasma-catalytic processing of different gas streams are outlined with particular emphasis being placed on the different range of spatial and temporal scales that must be considered both in experiment and modelling. The focus is on non-thermal plasma where the lack of thermal equilibrium creates a range of temperature scales that must be considered. This contributes in part to a wide range of inhomogeneity in different properties such as species concentrations and electric fields that must be determined experimentally by methods and be incorporated into modelling. It is concluded that plasma-catalysis is best regarded as conventional catalysis perturbed by the presence of a discharge, which modifies its operating conditions, properties and outcomes often in a very localised way. The sometimes used description “plasma-activated catalysis” is an apt one.

关键词： plasma catalysis     plasma-activated catalysis     non-thermal plasma     CO2 conversion    

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Submerged arc plasma system combined with ozone oxidation for the treatment of wastewater containing

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1384-0

摘要：

• Submerged arc plasma was introduced in terms of wastewater treatment.

关键词： Thermal plasma     Submerged arc plasma     Wastewater     Ozone     Phenol     Highly energetic electron    

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Everyone has a donor: contribution of the Chinese experience to global practice of haploidentical hematopoietic

Meng Lv, Yingjun Chang, Xiaojun Huang

《医学前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第1期   页码 45-56 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0595-7

摘要： Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched donors for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) have long been scarce in China. Haploidentical (haplo) donors are available for the vast majority of patients, but toxicity has limited this approach. Three new approaches for haplo-HSCT originated from Italy, China, and USA in 1990 and have been developed to world-renowned system up to now. The Chinese approach have been greatly improved by implementing new individualized conditioning regimens, donor selection based on non-HLA systems, risk-directed strategies for graft-versus-host disease and relapse, and infection management. Haplo-HSCT has exhibited similar efficacy to HLA-matched HSCT and has gradually become the predominant donor source and the first alternative donor choice for allo-HSCT in China. Registry-based analyses and multicenter studies adhering to international standards facilitated the transformation of the unique Chinese experience into an inspiration for the refinement of global practice. This review will focus on how the new era in which “everyone has a donor” will become a reality in China.

关键词： haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation     conditioning     graft-versus-host disease     relapse     infection     donor selection    

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Modelling and diagnostics of multiple cathodes plasma torch system for plasma spraying

Kirsten BOBZIN, Nazlim BAGCIVAN, Lidong ZHAO, Ivica PETKOVIC, Jochen SCHEIN, Karsten HARTZ-BEHREND, Stefan KIRNER, José-Luis MARQUéS, Günter FORSTER

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第6卷 第3期   页码 324-331 doi: 10.1007/s11465-011-0125-2

摘要：

Usage of a multiple-arcs system has significantly improved process stability and coating properties in air plasma spraying. However, there are still demands on understanding and controlling the physical process to determine process conditions for reproducible coating quality and homogeneity of coating microstructure. The main goal of this work is the application of numerical simulation for the prediction of the temperature profiles at the torch outlet for real process conditions. Behaviour of the gas flow and electric arcs were described in a three-dimensional numerical model. The calculated results showed the characteristic triangular temperature distribution at the torch nozzle outlet caused by three electric arcs. These results were compared with experimentally determined temperature distributions, which were obtained with specially developed computed tomography equipment for reconstructing the emissivity and temperature distribution of the plasma jet close to the torch exit. The calculated results related to temperature values and contours were verified for the most process parameters with experimental ones.

关键词： plasma spraying     electric arc     three-cathode plasma torch     numerical simulation     computed tomography    

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Gender differences in the relationship between plasma lipids and fasting plasma glucose in non-diabetic

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第4期   页码 477-483 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0346-y

摘要：

The association between dyslipidemia and elevated fasting glucose in type 2 diabetes is well known. In non-diabetes, whether this association still exists, and whether dyslipidemia is an independent risk factor for high fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels are not clear. This cross-sectional study recruited 3460 non-diabetic Chinese subjects (1027 men, and 2433 women, aged 35–75 years old) who participated in a health survey. Men and women were classified into tertiles by levels of plasma lipids respectively. In women, the prevalence of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) was decreased with increased HDL-C. A stepwise increase in HDL-C was associated with decreasing FPG levels (lowest tertiles, FPG: 5.376±0.018; middle tertiles, 5.324±0.018; highest tertiles, 5.276±0.018 mmol/L; P=0.001). Reversely, FPG levels increased from lowest tertiles to highest tertiles of LDL-C, TC, and TG. we found that women in the first tertile with lower HDL-C level had a 1.75-fold increase in risk of IFG compared with non-diabetic women in the third tertile with higher HDL-C level (OR: 1.75; 95% CI: 1.20--2.56). In men, no significant association was found. We took age, BMI, waist/hip ratio, education, smoking, alcohol drinking, and physical exercise as adjusted variables. In Chinese non-diabetic women, dyslipidemia is independently associated with high levels of FPG; TG, HDL-C, and LDL-C are predictors of IFG independent of BMI and waist/hip ratio.

关键词： dyslipidemia     plasma lipids     plasma fasting glucose     impaired fasting glucose     non-diabetes    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Natural history of HIV infection in former plasma donors in rural China

Min ZHANG, Hong SHANG, Zhe WANG, Wei-Guo CUI, Qing-Hai HU

期刊论文

The influence of brain death on donor liver and the potential mechanisms of protective intervention

null

期刊论文

Regulation of radicals by hydrogen-donor solvent in direct coal liquefaction

期刊论文

Enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting with a donor-acceptor polyimide

期刊论文

Diagnostic evaluation of plasma aldosterone concentration to plasma renin activity ratio in primary aldosteronism

ZHANG Huilan, WANG Daowen

期刊论文

Important parameters in plasma jets for the production of RONS in liquids for plasma medicine: A brief

Anna Khlyustova, Cédric Labay, Zdenko Machala, Maria-Pau Ginebra, Cristina Canal

期刊论文

Kinetic Monte Carlo simulations of plasma-surface reactions on heterogeneous surfaces

Daniil Marinov

期刊论文

From plasma to plasmonics: toward sustainable and clean water production through membranes

期刊论文

Atomistic simulations of plasma catalytic processes

Erik C. Neyts

期刊论文

used as a salvage option for patients with relapsed acute leukemia post-chemotherapy plus modified donor

期刊论文

Plasma-catalysis: Is it just a question of scale?

J. Christopher Whitehead

期刊论文

Submerged arc plasma system combined with ozone oxidation for the treatment of wastewater containing

期刊论文

Everyone has a donor: contribution of the Chinese experience to global practice of haploidentical hematopoietic

Meng Lv, Yingjun Chang, Xiaojun Huang

期刊论文

Modelling and diagnostics of multiple cathodes plasma torch system for plasma spraying

Kirsten BOBZIN, Nazlim BAGCIVAN, Lidong ZHAO, Ivica PETKOVIC, Jochen SCHEIN, Karsten HARTZ-BEHREND, Stefan KIRNER, José-Luis MARQUéS, Günter FORSTER

期刊论文

Gender differences in the relationship between plasma lipids and fasting plasma glucose in non-diabetic

null

期刊论文